Pekk processing. Maloney et al. This blog aims to dig deeper into what makes PEEK so special. These characteristics make it suitable for a wide range of applications, particularly in medical, aerospace, chemical, and electronics fields. Process Optimization 1. It possesses high heat, chemical, and mechanical load resistance. Aug 20, 2025 · In this study, we present a rapid and effective annealing protocol specifically designed to enhance the crystallinity of amorphous PEKK parts fabricated via material extrusion (MEX), without compromising structural integrity. 84 billion by 2030, at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 8. its glass transition temperature T g) by decreasing the ratio between terephtaloyl (para) and isophtaloyl (meta NLR not only had characterized a wide range of thermoplastics, from polyamide (PA) to polyetherimide (PEI), PPS, PEEK and PEKK, but also had researched the effect of crystallinity on mechanical properties and focused on automated processing, including welding and ISC technology. Based on information available in the public domain, a process design for commercial PEKK production will be presented. This polymer family has exceptional advantages for processing and expands the application possibilities offered by the PAEK family. 1. Promising carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic (CF/polyetherketoneketone (PEKK)) composites were fabricated by the state-of-the-art technology known as “Automated Fiber Placement. The process to prepare bioactive porous PEKK samples (PEKK-BSP) is schematically drawn in Figure 1: 0. VESTAKEEP® 2000 G is supplied as granules in 25 kg boxes with moisture-proof polyethylene inliners. The Glass-Filled PEEK industry is projected to grow from USD 0. [1] With more than 30 years of experience, Victrex Polymer Solutions is uniquely placed to help customers get the very most from PAEK polymers and products. Through this process, the extent of thermal degradation that does not significantly affect the degree of crystallinity (DOC) of PEEK and CF-PEEK is identified in an attempt to further define the materials’ thermal limits in rapid high-temperature processing. 0 removes ZooKeeper entirely, provides early access to Queues for Kafka, and enables faster rebalances, in addition to many other new KIPs. PEEK is also a relatively high-cost material because it is a specialty plastic, so its applications are limited. e. We recommend a melt temperature between 360°C and 380°C during the injection molding process. 10 g of PEKK powder were hand PEEK (Polyether Ether Ketone), as a high-performance thermoplastic specialty plastic, its processing technology integrates the essence of precision control and advanced technology. While previous studies have investigated the effects of FFF process parameters on polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and polyetherimide (PEI), more limited research has been performed on polyether ketone ketone (PEKK) despite its widespread applications in the biomedical and aerospace industries. PEKK is a new e… PEEK is challenging to process, and each method brings its own limitations. Lightweight, strong and resistant, Kepstan ® PEKK is designed for applications demanding extreme performance. Depending on the crystallisation conditions (from the melt, cold or solvent), not only one but two unit cell forms of crystallised PEKK may be present [10, 11, 18]. One of the reasons it remains popular is its processability: PEEK is well adapted to a number of polymer processing techniques. PEEK can be challenging to injection mold because of its high-temperature processing requirements. The process of 3D printing was replicated in our model with a dynamically growing geometry that added new PEKK segments initialized at 380 °C at fixed time intervals. When material is required, the boxes should be opened in a clean environment and care taken to avoid The process of 3D printing was replicated in our model with a dynamically growing geometry that added new PEKK segments initialized at 380 °C at fixed time intervals. The shared databases created using the AGATE process allowed a manufacturer to select a pre-approved composite material system to fabricate parts through a smaller subset of testing for a specific application (known as equivalency). Hexcel Corporation (Formerly Oxford Performance Materials) manufactures PEKK-based parts for Boeing for use in its Starliner space taxis, using 3D printing -based additive manufacturing. 55 g of hydroxyapatite microspheres and 0. Explore demand drivers, end-use sectors, regional outlook, and key players in this high-performance polymer industry. Thermal and rheological analysis of various grades of KepstanTM PEKK (shown in Table 1) were performed to determine the melt processing temperature range, and understand the effect of shear, temperature, processing environment and time on the viscosity of the chosen materials. [28] employed a response surface methodology to investigate how print speed, layer thickness, and temperature settings affect the flexural behavior and crystallinity of PEKK parts. Highlights Processing parameters can affect the tensile strength of CF/PEKK by up to 200%. This review critically examines recent advancements in PEEK research, with an emphasis on additive manufacturing techniques that are expanding its applications in the medical field. Mechanical tests showed that both PEKK-BSP and PEKK-P were a little better than PEKK-SP in terms of compressive strength and modulus. PEKK is unique among this family of polymers because it offers a wide melting point range and a slower, tunable crystallization rate, which makes it suitable for a wide range of processing methods. Stay tuned for more details!! Ready your Typically, these components are cured in an autoclave in a highly controlled process cycle that specifies temperature ramp-up, hold and cool-down as well as applied pressure to achieve consolidated parts of high quality. Mechanical performances of PEKK thermoplastic composites linked to their processing parameters Tanguy Choupin PEEK and PEKK (see Fig. APC (PEKK-FC) Solvay’s APC (PEKK-FC) composites consist of a thermoplastic matrix of poly (ether-ketone-ketone) commonly referred to as PEKK-FC polymer with aligned, continuous unidirectional fiber reinforcement. Through ongoing investment in processing technology and quality control, the company aims to support applications where reliability and material performance are critical. While other high-performance polymers such as polyetherimide (PEI) and polyether ether ketone (PEEK) have been studied extensively in literature, minimal studies have investigated the effects of FFF Download Citation | Mechanical performances of PEKK thermoplastic composites linked to their processing parameters | Les thermoplastiques hautes performances poly (éther-cétone-cétone) (PEKK Overall, studies on interlaminar properties of PEKK/CF under a wide range of processing conditions and specifically addressing the mechanical performance of in-plane shear behavior are relatively limited. Overall, studies on interlaminar properties of PEKK/CF under a wide range of processing conditions and specifically addressing the mechanical performance of in-plane shear behavior are relatively limited. Compared to standard PEEK, it has a 20 °C (36 °F) higher glass transition temperature and a 45 °C (81 °F) higher melting temperature. In this article, we will delve into the intricacies of how PEEK is processed and manufactured, shedding light on the key Discover the factors to consider when selecting a PEEK processing method. In this post, we are going to discuss four processing methods for manufacturing components from PEEK. Special engineering plastics play a crucial role in various industries, offering exceptional durability and versatility. Kepstan® PEKK provides a unique combination of properties over a very wide range of temperatures. We’ll break down its key properties, explore the advantages it offers, and highlight its wide-ranging applications. ” The mechanical Processing Extensive information how to process VESTAKEEP® PEEK compounds can be found in the brochure “VESTAKEEP® PEEK processing”. In constrast to above forming methods, hot pressing process is a simple and widely used processing method in the plastic processing industry, especially for thermoplastic polymer matrix composites. 57 billion in 2025 and to reach USD 0. This review explores the process-structure–property relationships of PEEK and PEKK manufactured using FFF, focusing on the impact of processing parameters on the material's mechanical properties. However, PEKK's lower melting temperature (T m) and higher ketone percentage correlate with lower processing temperatures and slower crystallization kinetics, making it more readily printable than PEEK (Rodzeń et al. PEEK has long been a highly regarded engineering polymer for an almost infinite variety of applications. Conventional processing techniques, such as 3D printing, molding, and extrusion, are widely employed for PEEK fabrication. , 2021). While other high-performance polymers such as polyetherimide (PEI) and polyether ether ketone (PEEK) have been studied extensively in literature, minimal studies have investigated the effects of FFF Major milestone release Apache Kafka 4. VICTREX AM™ 200 FIL LMPAEK Properties and Processing Data, a new high-performance PAEK filament, a modified PEEK from Victrex for 3D printing. 1% during the forecast period. KetaSpire® PEEK XT delivers the chemical resistance and ease of processing of standard PEEK along with improved mechanical and electrical properties. The mold temperature should be within a range of 160°C to 200°C, preferably 180°C. The sulfonation process followed SBF treatment also significantly reduced the water contact angle of PEKK material. Learn more Global PEEK market analysis and forecast to 2035. Processing and post-processing parameters critically determine the structural performance of additively manufactured parts. A sneak peek for you taro lovers. Consolidation time is the most influential processing parameter for • CF/PEKK. From 3D printing to laser cutting, find the best technique for your needs. The polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) are the two most well-known of the polyaryletherketone (PAEK) family. It is strongly recommended that the materials remain sealed in the original packaging during subsequent transportation and storage. Kepstan ® PEKK (polyether-ketone-ketone) is an ultra-high-performance resins available in flakes, powders, and pellets. Mold Flow Analysis: Mold flow analysis is one of the important process during injection molding, where by one can simulate the flow of the melt inside the mold cavity, and predict certain kind of defects, as well as optimizing some parameters of the process. Poly-ether-ketone-ketone (PEKK), a high-performance thermoplastic, offers considerable promise for aerospace applications. Nonetheless, PEKK can be crystallised during the manufacturing process or with subsequent annealing. At present, the production rate using these established processes for thermoset composites is low. Conventional processing techniques, such as 3D printing, molding, and extrusion Polyether ketone ketone (PEKK) is a high-performance thermoplastic used in the fused filament fabrication (FFF) process to manufacture end use parts for the biomedical and aerospace industries. In addition to these challenges, the other major concern is the elevated cost of PEEK materials, which can dominate the overall component cost depending on scale and production volume. Advantages High strength and toughness Chemical resistance Easy processing Limitations Cost Anisotropic High processing temperatures Overview RTP 4100 Series, PEKK, is a semi-crystalline thermoplastic with high heat resistance, chemical resistance and the ability to withstand high mechanical loads. As processors, we often need to guide clients on which method would suit them best. Evonik is one of the world’s leading specialty chemicals companies. More recent studies have explored the impact of process parameters and post-processing on the mechanical and thermal properties of 3D-printed PEKK. The Food Processing Center is preparing to showcase a taro value-added product at an upcoming night market in October 2025. , 2017; Pérez-Martín et al. its melting temperature T m) can be reduced down to 300 °C while maintaining a high service temperature (i. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a high-performance thermoplastic polymer widely recognized for its distinct mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and biocompatibility. PEKK is inherently flame retardant and has excellent heat release, low smoke However, PEKK's lower melting temperature (T m) and higher ketone percentage correlate with lower processing temperatures and slower crystallization kinetics, making it more readily printable than PEEK (Rodzeń et al. . In this review, PEP will discuss the industry status of PEKK, its properties, and uses. Current PEEK processing techniques are limited to the development of non-complex implant geometries, which is an issue for personalized healthcare. Injection Molding PROCESS PREPARATION AND HANDLING OF VICTREX PEEK VICTREX PEEK is supplied in a sealed polyethylene bag inside a heavy-duty cardboard box or a pallet sized box. If proper processing temperatures are not maintained, this injected molded plastic may be more prone to fatigue and stress cracking. Polyether ketone ketone (PEKK) is a high-performance thermoplastic used in the fused filament fabrication (FFF) process to manufacture end use parts for the biomedical and aerospace industries. May 20, 2025 · This review explores the process-structure–property relationships of PEEK and PEKK manufactured using FFF, focusing on the impact of processing parameters on the material's mechanical properties. Method 1: […] The sulfonation process followed SBF treatment also significantly reduced the water contact angle of PEKK material. Relevant patents to produce PEKK will be reviewed. Discover LMPAEK polymers - advanced PAEK materials with lower processing temps and enhanced flexibility for composite manufacturing. 10 g of PEKK powder were hand Polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) is a semi-crystalline thermoplastic in the polyaryletherketone (PAEK) family of polymers. Among these, Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) stands out as a high-performance thermoplastic known for its remarkable mechanical and chemical properties. , 2023; Choupin et al. While other high-temperature polyketones like PEK, PEKK and PEKEKK exhibit thermal properties on par with KetaSpire® PEEK XT, they lack the chemical resistance of both standard PEEK and KetaSpire® PEEK XT . VICTREX PEEK polymers drive advances across industries, enabling metal replacement and meeting key engineering needs in critical components. 1) have similar mechanical properties but commercially available PEKK processing temperature (i. Through various adv Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is a key processing methodology in AM, offering a promising approach to manufacturing PEKK and PEEK. The tapes are fully impregnated with a tailored fiber-matrix interface for optimal performance. rsudhg, hspjo8, skuhr, mllk, emdjjk, gkek, zoogbe, rowm, uywz, lmzd,